The Case for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles in U.S. Transportation and Defense
Colin Heffern
July 16, 2025
Executive Summary
The U.S. urgently needs to reduce its reliance on petroleum-based transportation to enhance national security, climate resilience, and economic stability. While Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are central to current federal policy, they introduce new strategic risks tied to critical mineral supply chains dominated by China. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCVs) offer a complementary solution with advantages for U.S. defense. With longer range, rapid refueling, and stealth benefits, HFCVs are uniquely suited for military use, especially in tactical ground fleets. To capitalize on hydrogen technology and address existing policy gaps, federal policy should:
- Extend and simplify hydrogen production tax credits.
- Enhance funding for regional hydrogen hubs and infrastructure.
- Integrate HFCVs into DoD procurement policies.
- Invest in HFCV prototype and pilot programs for tactical vehicles.
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